Title: Content
Abstract :
Abstract :
Content
Title: Evaluation of the Nutraceutical Properties of Enriched Bread
Abstract :
Abstract :
Nowadays, people are more concerned with their health and more focused on purchasing products
that boost their bodies’ defenses. Therefore, there has been an increase in interest in the development of
new goods as well as the use of frequently wasted food byproducts. This study explores the formulated
enriched bread with different seeds (melon, pumpkin, sesame). In the first phase, the fortified bread was
made by using different ingredients in four different compositions of seeds (6%, 12%, 18%, and 24%). In
the second phase, the proximate composition (moisture, ash, crude fiber, fat, protein, carbohydrate {CHO},
iron, calcium), antioxidant analysis (vitamin C, DPPH, total phenols), phytochemical screening (alkaloids,
flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins, phytosterols), and shelf-life study (pH,
temperature) were done. In the third phase, sensory evaluation was done by a 9-point hedonic scale.
In the fourth phase, the statistical analysis was done by using mean, standard deviation, and One-Way
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that proximate composition and antinutrient analysis
of variant D was higher. Also, they had a significant difference (p<0.05), except for vitamin C and DPPH.
In phytochemical screening, all phytochemicals are present in all variants. The shelf life is maximum
up to 5-6 days. And according to the sensory evaluation, variant A was more acceptable. In conclusion,
fortifying bread with seeds represents a promising strategy to enhance both the nutritional and sensory
aspects of this staple food, promoting a healthier and more enjoyable dietary option for consumers.
Title: Impact of Seed Priming on Germination and Seedling Vigor in
Coreopsis tinctoria and Callistephus chinensis
Abstract :
Abstract :
Seed priming techniques are adopted for the enhancement of seed germination and seedling vigour.
Among the different seed priming techniques adopted in the study, seed priming using humic acid and
with Pseudomonas fluorescence showed better results in Coreopsis. For China aster (Callistephus chinensis),
Pseudomonas demonstrated superior results. Least performance was observed in fortified vegetable
boosters in shoot and root length (Coreopsis) and fresh and dry weight of both shoot and root (Coreopsis
& China aster). From the results, it was concluded that seed priming with Pseudomonas 10g/litre is very
effective in enhancing seed germination. The superior performance of the Pseudomonas treatment may
be attributed to its ability to enhance nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization. Studies revealed
that P. fluorescens is capable of increasing nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization and production of
growth promoting substances, thus increasing the dry matter production of the seedlings.
Title: To Study the Suitability of Water for Irrigation Purposes in
different Blocks of Kishanganj District, Bihar
Abstract :
Abstract :
The surface and ground water sample were collected from Kishanganj and Bahadurganj blocks of
Kishanganj, district, Bihar. The purpose this study to analyse the water suitability for the irrigation use. On
the basis of Irrigation water quality classification (EC, SAR and RSC) in Bahadurgnj block 54.5 % sample
were found suitable for the irrigation purpose 36.36 % water samples use after the treatment and 9.09%
of samples were found unsuitable for the irrigation purpose. Kishanganj block 64.70 % water sample
were found suitable for the irrigation use and 35.29 % water sample use after the proper management.
The pH of the ground water Bahadurganj block were varies from 4.60-5.80 in surface water pH 4.98-5.84.
Title: Production and Characterization of Biochar Produced from
Batch Slow Pyrolysis of Millet Straw
Abstract :
Abstract :
Agricultural waste is a vital renewable resource that promotes environmental sustainability, global
economic growth, and energy security. The focus of this study is on the effect of pyrolysis temperature on
physicochemical properties of biochar derived from millet straws as an agricultural wastes pyrolyzed at
four different pyrolysis temperatures of 300, 400, 500 and 600 ◦C for 30, 60, 90, and 105-minutes residence
time, respectively. The produced biochars were characterized by proximate and ultimate analysis,
Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR). Pyrolysis temperature was shown to have a strong influence on physicochemical characteristic
of biochar samples. The experimental data shows that as pyrolysis temperature increased, ash content,
pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, fixed carbon, BET surface area, and total C content
increased while biochar yield, total content of O, H and S significantly decreased. Similarly, the ratios
of O/C, H/C, tended to decrease with the upsurge of pyrolysis temperature. The FTIR data indicated an
increase in aromaticity and a decrease in polarity of biochar produced at a high temperature. Meanwhile,
the XRD showed that with increased in pyrolysis temperature, cellulose component of biomass loss and
crystalline mineral components increased. The result suggest that biochar produced at higher pyrolysis
temperatures possess stable carbon, which can be used to sequester carbon when used as soil amendment.
Title: Improving the Efficiency of Extracting Nigella sativa Oil
through Pretreatment: Effects on Yield and Active Constituents
Abstract :
Abstract :
The plant known as black seed, or Nigella sativa, is well-known for its small, jet-black seeds, which are
bursting with health benefits. Because of the oil’s potent therapeutic properties, there has been a lot of
interest in its extraction from these seeds. The effectiveness of steam and microwave pretreatments on
Nigella sativa seed oil extraction is examined in this study, along with their impact on oil yield and active
ingredients. Two extraction techniques, hydrodistillation and supercritical fluid extraction, are used to
investigate the effects of different pretreatment times on seed samples. The results show that utilizing
hydrodistillation, microwave pretreatment for three minutes (HM3) produces the maximum oil extraction
(0.892%), outperforming untreated samples (H0) at 0.436%. In the same direction, samples that have been
microwave-pretreated for three minutes (HS3) in supercritical fluid extraction show the highest yield
(9.44%) when compared to their untreated counterpart (SO), which shows a yield of 4.10%. Microwavetreated
samples exhibit a more noticeable increase in oil yield, even if steam pretreatment also improves
it. Furthermore, H0 has a 19.40% Thymoquinone level, which is crucial for the active ingredients in the
oil, but pretreatment HM3 samples have an increased 26.73% Thymoquinone content. On the other hand,
the Thymoquinone content in supercritical fluid-extracted S0 is 8.35%, while pretreatment SM3 samples
show 11.53%. Thymoquinone content lags despite supercritical fluid extraction’s greater yield; this could
be because the technique has a lower operating pressure (70 atm). The results of this study highlight
how pretreatment techniques can increase oil yield without lowering oil quality or antioxidant activity.
Prospective enhancements in process parameters, namely in the operating pressure of supercritical
fluid extraction, could potentially augment Thymoquinone content and augment oil yield. The results
validate the feasibility of pretreatments in maximizing the extraction efficiency of Nigella sativa oil while
preserving its antioxidant qualities and oil quality.
Title: Influence of Weather Variability on the Growth and Development of Wheat Crop: A Review
Abstract :
Abstract :
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the second-most important cereal crop in India, provides food and nutrition
security to the majority of the country’s people. In the context of a changing climate, it is critical to
understand how various weather fluctuations impact wheat crop yields. If wheat is sown at the proper
time, it may be more resilient to changes in the weather during its critical stages. Selecting the optimal
sowing time to avoid stressful times is crucial to aligning the crop’s phenology with the duration of
favorable environmental circumstances and achieving maximum yields in a changing climate. Warm
temperatures at maturity and low temperatures during vegetative growth are ideal for wheat because
it is a cool-season crop.
Title: Key Insights on Influences of Different Seed Rate and
Phosphorus Levels on Growth and Productivity of Soybean
(Glycine max L.): A Review
Abstract :
Abstract :
The optimal seed rate is important in contributing to high yield because, in the case of dense plant
populations, most plants remain sterile and are more susceptible to disease attack than in normal plant
populations. Planting geometry allows for the more efficient use of light, water, land, and other inputs.
Phosphorus is more important than other nutrients in increasing soybean yield. Phosphorus is a crucial
element and shown to be necessary for the development, growth, and productivity of soybean. To boost
the production of oil seed crops, the optimal dose of phosphorus is required. This paper focuses on the
role of phosphorus in improving oil seed, crop production indirectly and directly role of phosphorus is
to improving the soybean productivity.
Title: Life-cycle Assessment – An Overview for Environmental
Research
Abstract :
Abstract :
Life-cycle Assessment (LCA) is a standardized approach or technique to evaluate the potential
environmental impact of a product or service over its entire life-cycle. It aims to measure the environmental
impacts that arise from the raw materials and resources used and released, through a product or service’s
life-cycle. In this review paper, our objective is to offer a thorough examination of LCA, encompassing
its various components and its extensive applications within the realm of environmental research. LCA
facilitates the identification and quantification of environmental repercussions of human activities,
enabling a subtle analysis of the sustainability advantages and inherent trade-offs embedded within
intricate systems. LCA is a decision-making tool which assist us in making informed decisions and optimize
technical solutions to reduce the environmental impacts due to increasing anthropogenic activities. LCA is
a systematic analysis that provides us with reliable and comprehensive information to formulate strategies
and implement policies to improve the sustainability of our products, combat challenges and enhance
our awareness of any environmental implications resulting from our environmental research studies.